Janice R. Andrews
With heat advisories in effect across the Midwest, Northeast, and West, more than 100 million Americans are bracing themselves for yet another hot day. The National Weather Service is warning people to be ready for dangerously high temperatures. The fatal hazard of “wet-bulb” temperatures—a crucial indicator of heat stress on the human body—is being brought to light by the current heat wave in the United States.
A record number of people died as a result of last summer’s extreme heat, with over 2,300 deaths being linked to “excessive heat.” The ability of the human body to withstand intense heat is becoming more and more limited as a result of climate change. The intense heat of 125°F in Saudi Arabia has claimed the lives of over 1,000 pilgrims, underscoring the gravity of this problem.
Knowing What ‘Wet-Bulb’ Temperatures Mean
Governmental organizations have long issued advisories about the growing dangers associated with rising summer temperatures and humidity, particularly in the Midwest. This is because of “wet-bulb” temperatures, which occur when the body is unable to cool itself through perspiration.
According to NASA, the higher the temperature, our bodies experience greater effort and require more sweating to reduce body temperature. Yet, water evaporates more slowly in humid environments because humid air cannot store as much moisture.
Determining the ‘Wet-Bulb’ Temperature
By encasing a thermometer in a moist cloth and noting the cooling impact of evaporation, one may determine the “wet-bulb” temperature. This mimics how the body cools itself. NASA states that the lowest temperature at which an object may cool down when moisture evaporates from it is known as the “wet-bulb temperature.”
Estimating the Risk
Forecasts for the long term indicate that July will smash records once again. ‘Wet-bulb’ temperatures may be calculated by users with tools such as the Omni Calculator by entering the current temperature and humidity. For example, a wet-bulb temperature of 89.47°F is obtained when the air temperature is 95°F and the humidity is 80%. This indicates that there is little cooling via sweat evaporation.
Temperatures beyond 86°F for wet bulbs might be lethal to people. It is recommended to remain hydrated and out of direct sunlight in such circumstances.
Health Hazards
Extended exposure to high temperatures (also known as “wet-bulb”) can cause severe dehydration, organ damage, and even death. NASA issues a warning: “This causes changes in your body.” You become parched. Your heart is particularly stressed out among your organs. In an attempt to discharge heat, blood rushes to your skin, depriving your interior organs. The outcomes can be fatal.
Staying Safe
To mitigate the risks, especially in the face of rising global temperatures, it is crucial to take the following precautions:
- Know the symptoms of heat illness: These include muscle cramping, rash, headache, nausea, and dizziness.
- Limit outdoor exposure: Especially during the hottest parts of the day.
- Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water and replenish electrolytes as needed.
- Seek shade or cool places: If experiencing heat illness, move to a shaded area, loosen or wet your clothes, or take a cool bath.
- Find air-conditioned environments: Spend time in air-conditioned places during extreme heat periods.
With the potential for wet-bulb temperatures to render parts of the globe uninhabitable, awareness and preparation are key to surviving this escalating threat. Stay informed, stay cool, and stay safe.
