Janice R. Andrews
Japan finds itself in a precarious situation as two typhoons approach its shores, compounding the challenges posed by recent record-breaking rainfall. With a fifth of its population residing in flood-prone areas, experts are urgently calling for bolstered flood defenses and more sophisticated early-warning systems.
Climate Change and Intensifying Weather Patterns
The frequency and severity of extreme weather events in Japan have been on the rise, a trend experts attribute to climate change. The warming of ocean surfaces, particularly in the Pacific and the Sea of Japan, has led to more intense typhoons and rainstorms. Some areas of the Pacific have experienced temperature increases of up to 5°C in the past decade, contributing to these extreme conditions.
Professor Yoshihiro Iijima from Tokyo Metropolitan University highlights the particular vulnerability of coastal and riverside areas. He explains that heavy rainfall can compromise existing defenses, especially when combined with high tides, significantly elevating flood risks.
Escalating Flood Vulnerability
Recent data reveals a troubling trend: despite Japan’s declining population, the number of people living in flood-prone areas has increased by 900,000 over the last two decades, now totaling 26 million – roughly one in five Japanese citizens. This demographic shift is particularly concerning given the frequent occurrence of severe rainfall during Japan’s typhoon season.
The recent devastation in the Noto peninsula serves as a stark reminder of these risks. In mid-September, the region, still reeling from an earlier earthquake, was hit by torrential rain causing severe flooding and landslides. The disaster claimed seven lives, with others still unaccounted for.
Infrastructure Challenges and Rural Management
Japan’s vulnerability is exacerbated by aging infrastructure and inadequate rural management. Professor Rajib Shaw from Keio University points out that many privately-owned forests are poorly maintained due to an aging population, increasing the risk of devastating landslides during heavy rainfall.
Lessons from Past Disasters
While long-time residents may rely on past experiences to navigate extreme weather, experts warn that current conditions are unprecedented. Professor Shaw emphasizes the need for Japan to adapt to the new realities of climate change, calling for enhanced flood defenses and improved early-warning systems.
Looming Typhoon Threat
As Japan prepares for the approach of Typhoons Jebi and Krathon, experts stress the importance of swift action. They remind the public of past incidents, such as in 2004 when two typhoons struck Japan in quick succession, causing catastrophic damage.
The Way Forward
To mitigate future storm damage, Japan needs a comprehensive overhaul of its flood defenses and disaster preparedness strategies. Experts advocate for extensive infrastructure upgrades, including new drainage systems and advanced warning mechanisms. These measures are crucial for providing residents with adequate evacuation time and minimizing destruction from floods and landslides.
As the twin threats of Typhoon Jebi and Typhoon Krathon loom, the Japanese government faces an urgent challenge: safeguarding its citizens from the escalating impacts of climate change.
