Janice R. Andrews
Skywatchers are in for a treat this weekend as the final full moon of 2024 arrives with an extraordinary twist. Occurring on Sunday, December 15, and peaking at 4 a.m. EST, this “cold moon” will be anything but ordinary. The event coincides with a rare astronomical phenomenon known as a major lunar standstill, which happens only once every 18.6 years.
During this unique alignment, the moon will reach its most extreme northern position in the sky, creating a visually stunning display. Astronomers and casual observers alike can expect the moon to appear brighter and remain visible for an extended period. The lunar show will stretch from Saturday through Monday nights, perfectly complementing the ongoing Geminid meteor shower that peaked on December 13-14.
The major lunar standstill is a result of the moon’s complex orbital mechanics. Unlike the sun, the moon’s path follows a more intricate trajectory, causing dramatic shifts in its rising and setting positions on the horizon. Interestingly, ancient civilizations like the builders of Stonehenge may have been aware of and potentially designed structures to align with this rare celestial event.
Culturally, the full moon carries significance beyond its astronomical marvel. The Mohawk tribe originally coined the term “cold moon,” referencing the harsh winter conditions typically accompanying this lunar phase. Some also refer to it as the “long night moon,” which aptly describes the extended darkness surrounding the winter solstice.
This December’s lunar display offers a once-in-a-generation opportunity to witness a remarkable convergence of celestial events. As meteor streaks dance across the frosty winter sky, the brilliantly illuminated moon will provide a spectacular backdrop for stargazers and astronomy enthusiasts.
